Autogenerated HTML docs for v2.45.1-204-gd8ab1
[git-htmldocs.git] / git-grep.html
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735 <body class="manpage">
736 <div id="header">
737 <h1>
738 git-grep(1) Manual Page
739 </h1>
740 <h2>NAME</h2>
741 <div class="sectionbody">
742 <p>git-grep -
743 Print lines matching a pattern
744 </p>
745 </div>
746 </div>
747 <div id="content">
748 <div class="sect1">
749 <h2 id="_synopsis">SYNOPSIS</h2>
750 <div class="sectionbody">
751 <div class="verseblock">
752 <pre class="content"><em>git grep</em> [-a | --text] [-I] [--textconv] [-i | --ignore-case] [-w | --word-regexp]
753 [-v | --invert-match] [-h|-H] [--full-name]
754 [-E | --extended-regexp] [-G | --basic-regexp]
755 [-P | --perl-regexp]
756 [-F | --fixed-strings] [-n | --line-number] [--column]
757 [-l | --files-with-matches] [-L | --files-without-match]
758 [(-O | --open-files-in-pager) [&lt;pager&gt;]]
759 [-z | --null]
760 [ -o | --only-matching ] [-c | --count] [--all-match] [-q | --quiet]
761 [--max-depth &lt;depth&gt;] [--[no-]recursive]
762 [--color[=&lt;when&gt;] | --no-color]
763 [--break] [--heading] [-p | --show-function]
764 [-A &lt;post-context&gt;] [-B &lt;pre-context&gt;] [-C &lt;context&gt;]
765 [-W | --function-context]
766 [(-m | --max-count) &lt;num&gt;]
767 [--threads &lt;num&gt;]
768 [-f &lt;file&gt;] [-e] &lt;pattern&gt;
769 [--and|--or|--not|(|)|-e &lt;pattern&gt;&#8230;]
770 [--recurse-submodules] [--parent-basename &lt;basename&gt;]
771 [ [--[no-]exclude-standard] [--cached | --untracked | --no-index] | &lt;tree&gt;&#8230;]
772 [--] [&lt;pathspec&gt;&#8230;]</pre>
773 <div class="attribution">
774 </div></div>
775 </div>
776 </div>
777 <div class="sect1">
778 <h2 id="_description">DESCRIPTION</h2>
779 <div class="sectionbody">
780 <div class="paragraph"><p>Look for specified patterns in the tracked files in the work tree, blobs
781 registered in the index file, or blobs in given tree objects. Patterns
782 are lists of one or more search expressions separated by newline
783 characters. An empty string as search expression matches all lines.</p></div>
784 </div>
785 </div>
786 <div class="sect1">
787 <h2 id="_options">OPTIONS</h2>
788 <div class="sectionbody">
789 <div class="dlist"><dl>
790 <dt class="hdlist1">
791 --cached
792 </dt>
793 <dd>
795 Instead of searching tracked files in the working tree, search
796 blobs registered in the index file.
797 </p>
798 </dd>
799 <dt class="hdlist1">
800 --untracked
801 </dt>
802 <dd>
804 In addition to searching in the tracked files in the working
805 tree, search also in untracked files.
806 </p>
807 </dd>
808 <dt class="hdlist1">
809 --no-index
810 </dt>
811 <dd>
813 Search files in the current directory that is not managed by Git,
814 or by ignoring that the current directory is managed by Git. This
815 is rather similar to running the regular <code>grep(1)</code> utility with its
816 <code>-r</code> option specified, but with some additional benefits, such as
817 using pathspec patterns to limit paths; see the <em>pathspec</em> entry
818 in <a href="gitglossary.html">gitglossary(7)</a> for more information.
819 </p>
820 <div class="paragraph"><p>This option cannot be used together with <code>--cached</code> or <code>--untracked</code>.
821 See also <code>grep.fallbackToNoIndex</code> in <em>CONFIGURATION</em> below.</p></div>
822 </dd>
823 <dt class="hdlist1">
824 --no-exclude-standard
825 </dt>
826 <dd>
828 Also search in ignored files by not honoring the <code>.gitignore</code>
829 mechanism. Only useful with <code>--untracked</code>.
830 </p>
831 </dd>
832 <dt class="hdlist1">
833 --exclude-standard
834 </dt>
835 <dd>
837 Do not pay attention to ignored files specified via the <code>.gitignore</code>
838 mechanism. Only useful when searching files in the current directory
839 with <code>--no-index</code>.
840 </p>
841 </dd>
842 <dt class="hdlist1">
843 --recurse-submodules
844 </dt>
845 <dd>
847 Recursively search in each submodule that is active and
848 checked out in the repository. When used in combination with the
849 <em>&lt;tree&gt;</em> option the prefix of all submodule output will be the name of
850 the parent project&#8217;s <em>&lt;tree&gt;</em> object. This option cannot be used together
851 with <code>--untracked</code>, and it has no effect if <code>--no-index</code> is specified.
852 </p>
853 </dd>
854 <dt class="hdlist1">
856 </dt>
857 <dt class="hdlist1">
858 --text
859 </dt>
860 <dd>
862 Process binary files as if they were text.
863 </p>
864 </dd>
865 <dt class="hdlist1">
866 --textconv
867 </dt>
868 <dd>
870 Honor textconv filter settings.
871 </p>
872 </dd>
873 <dt class="hdlist1">
874 --no-textconv
875 </dt>
876 <dd>
878 Do not honor textconv filter settings.
879 This is the default.
880 </p>
881 </dd>
882 <dt class="hdlist1">
884 </dt>
885 <dt class="hdlist1">
886 --ignore-case
887 </dt>
888 <dd>
890 Ignore case differences between the patterns and the
891 files.
892 </p>
893 </dd>
894 <dt class="hdlist1">
896 </dt>
897 <dd>
899 Don&#8217;t match the pattern in binary files.
900 </p>
901 </dd>
902 <dt class="hdlist1">
903 --max-depth &lt;depth&gt;
904 </dt>
905 <dd>
907 For each &lt;pathspec&gt; given on command line, descend at most &lt;depth&gt;
908 levels of directories. A value of -1 means no limit.
909 This option is ignored if &lt;pathspec&gt; contains active wildcards.
910 In other words if "a*" matches a directory named "a*",
911 "*" is matched literally so --max-depth is still effective.
912 </p>
913 </dd>
914 <dt class="hdlist1">
916 </dt>
917 <dt class="hdlist1">
918 --recursive
919 </dt>
920 <dd>
922 Same as <code>--max-depth=-1</code>; this is the default.
923 </p>
924 </dd>
925 <dt class="hdlist1">
926 --no-recursive
927 </dt>
928 <dd>
930 Same as <code>--max-depth=0</code>.
931 </p>
932 </dd>
933 <dt class="hdlist1">
935 </dt>
936 <dt class="hdlist1">
937 --word-regexp
938 </dt>
939 <dd>
941 Match the pattern only at word boundary (either begin at the
942 beginning of a line, or preceded by a non-word character; end at
943 the end of a line or followed by a non-word character).
944 </p>
945 </dd>
946 <dt class="hdlist1">
948 </dt>
949 <dt class="hdlist1">
950 --invert-match
951 </dt>
952 <dd>
954 Select non-matching lines.
955 </p>
956 </dd>
957 <dt class="hdlist1">
959 </dt>
960 <dt class="hdlist1">
962 </dt>
963 <dd>
965 By default, the command shows the filename for each
966 match. <code>-h</code> option is used to suppress this output.
967 <code>-H</code> is there for completeness and does not do anything
968 except it overrides <code>-h</code> given earlier on the command
969 line.
970 </p>
971 </dd>
972 <dt class="hdlist1">
973 --full-name
974 </dt>
975 <dd>
977 When run from a subdirectory, the command usually
978 outputs paths relative to the current directory. This
979 option forces paths to be output relative to the project
980 top directory.
981 </p>
982 </dd>
983 <dt class="hdlist1">
985 </dt>
986 <dt class="hdlist1">
987 --extended-regexp
988 </dt>
989 <dt class="hdlist1">
991 </dt>
992 <dt class="hdlist1">
993 --basic-regexp
994 </dt>
995 <dd>
997 Use POSIX extended/basic regexp for patterns. Default
998 is to use basic regexp.
999 </p>
1000 </dd>
1001 <dt class="hdlist1">
1003 </dt>
1004 <dt class="hdlist1">
1005 --perl-regexp
1006 </dt>
1007 <dd>
1009 Use Perl-compatible regular expressions for patterns.
1010 </p>
1011 <div class="paragraph"><p>Support for these types of regular expressions is an optional
1012 compile-time dependency. If Git wasn&#8217;t compiled with support for them
1013 providing this option will cause it to die.</p></div>
1014 </dd>
1015 <dt class="hdlist1">
1017 </dt>
1018 <dt class="hdlist1">
1019 --fixed-strings
1020 </dt>
1021 <dd>
1023 Use fixed strings for patterns (don&#8217;t interpret pattern
1024 as a regex).
1025 </p>
1026 </dd>
1027 <dt class="hdlist1">
1029 </dt>
1030 <dt class="hdlist1">
1031 --line-number
1032 </dt>
1033 <dd>
1035 Prefix the line number to matching lines.
1036 </p>
1037 </dd>
1038 <dt class="hdlist1">
1039 --column
1040 </dt>
1041 <dd>
1043 Prefix the 1-indexed byte-offset of the first match from the start of the
1044 matching line.
1045 </p>
1046 </dd>
1047 <dt class="hdlist1">
1049 </dt>
1050 <dt class="hdlist1">
1051 --files-with-matches
1052 </dt>
1053 <dt class="hdlist1">
1054 --name-only
1055 </dt>
1056 <dt class="hdlist1">
1058 </dt>
1059 <dt class="hdlist1">
1060 --files-without-match
1061 </dt>
1062 <dd>
1064 Instead of showing every matched line, show only the
1065 names of files that contain (or do not contain) matches.
1066 For better compatibility with <em>git diff</em>, <code>--name-only</code> is a
1067 synonym for <code>--files-with-matches</code>.
1068 </p>
1069 </dd>
1070 <dt class="hdlist1">
1071 -O[&lt;pager&gt;]
1072 </dt>
1073 <dt class="hdlist1">
1074 --open-files-in-pager[=&lt;pager&gt;]
1075 </dt>
1076 <dd>
1078 Open the matching files in the pager (not the output of <em>grep</em>).
1079 If the pager happens to be "less" or "vi", and the user
1080 specified only one pattern, the first file is positioned at
1081 the first match automatically. The <code>pager</code> argument is
1082 optional; if specified, it must be stuck to the option
1083 without a space. If <code>pager</code> is unspecified, the default pager
1084 will be used (see <code>core.pager</code> in <a href="git-config.html">git-config(1)</a>).
1085 </p>
1086 </dd>
1087 <dt class="hdlist1">
1089 </dt>
1090 <dt class="hdlist1">
1091 --null
1092 </dt>
1093 <dd>
1095 Use \0 as the delimiter for pathnames in the output, and print
1096 them verbatim. Without this option, pathnames with "unusual"
1097 characters are quoted as explained for the configuration
1098 variable <code>core.quotePath</code> (see <a href="git-config.html">git-config(1)</a>).
1099 </p>
1100 </dd>
1101 <dt class="hdlist1">
1103 </dt>
1104 <dt class="hdlist1">
1105 --only-matching
1106 </dt>
1107 <dd>
1109 Print only the matched (non-empty) parts of a matching line, with each such
1110 part on a separate output line.
1111 </p>
1112 </dd>
1113 <dt class="hdlist1">
1115 </dt>
1116 <dt class="hdlist1">
1117 --count
1118 </dt>
1119 <dd>
1121 Instead of showing every matched line, show the number of
1122 lines that match.
1123 </p>
1124 </dd>
1125 <dt class="hdlist1">
1126 --color[=&lt;when&gt;]
1127 </dt>
1128 <dd>
1130 Show colored matches.
1131 The value must be always (the default), never, or auto.
1132 </p>
1133 </dd>
1134 <dt class="hdlist1">
1135 --no-color
1136 </dt>
1137 <dd>
1139 Turn off match highlighting, even when the configuration file
1140 gives the default to color output.
1141 Same as <code>--color=never</code>.
1142 </p>
1143 </dd>
1144 <dt class="hdlist1">
1145 --break
1146 </dt>
1147 <dd>
1149 Print an empty line between matches from different files.
1150 </p>
1151 </dd>
1152 <dt class="hdlist1">
1153 --heading
1154 </dt>
1155 <dd>
1157 Show the filename above the matches in that file instead of
1158 at the start of each shown line.
1159 </p>
1160 </dd>
1161 <dt class="hdlist1">
1163 </dt>
1164 <dt class="hdlist1">
1165 --show-function
1166 </dt>
1167 <dd>
1169 Show the preceding line that contains the function name of
1170 the match, unless the matching line is a function name itself.
1171 The name is determined in the same way as <code>git diff</code> works out
1172 patch hunk headers (see <em>Defining a custom hunk-header</em> in
1173 <a href="gitattributes.html">gitattributes(5)</a>).
1174 </p>
1175 </dd>
1176 <dt class="hdlist1">
1177 -&lt;num&gt;
1178 </dt>
1179 <dt class="hdlist1">
1180 -C &lt;num&gt;
1181 </dt>
1182 <dt class="hdlist1">
1183 --context &lt;num&gt;
1184 </dt>
1185 <dd>
1187 Show &lt;num&gt; leading and trailing lines, and place a line
1188 containing <code>--</code> between contiguous groups of matches.
1189 </p>
1190 </dd>
1191 <dt class="hdlist1">
1192 -A &lt;num&gt;
1193 </dt>
1194 <dt class="hdlist1">
1195 --after-context &lt;num&gt;
1196 </dt>
1197 <dd>
1199 Show &lt;num&gt; trailing lines, and place a line containing
1200 <code>--</code> between contiguous groups of matches.
1201 </p>
1202 </dd>
1203 <dt class="hdlist1">
1204 -B &lt;num&gt;
1205 </dt>
1206 <dt class="hdlist1">
1207 --before-context &lt;num&gt;
1208 </dt>
1209 <dd>
1211 Show &lt;num&gt; leading lines, and place a line containing
1212 <code>--</code> between contiguous groups of matches.
1213 </p>
1214 </dd>
1215 <dt class="hdlist1">
1217 </dt>
1218 <dt class="hdlist1">
1219 --function-context
1220 </dt>
1221 <dd>
1223 Show the surrounding text from the previous line containing a
1224 function name up to the one before the next function name,
1225 effectively showing the whole function in which the match was
1226 found. The function names are determined in the same way as
1227 <code>git diff</code> works out patch hunk headers (see <em>Defining a
1228 custom hunk-header</em> in <a href="gitattributes.html">gitattributes(5)</a>).
1229 </p>
1230 </dd>
1231 <dt class="hdlist1">
1232 -m &lt;num&gt;
1233 </dt>
1234 <dt class="hdlist1">
1235 --max-count &lt;num&gt;
1236 </dt>
1237 <dd>
1239 Limit the amount of matches per file. When using the <code>-v</code> or
1240 <code>--invert-match</code> option, the search stops after the specified
1241 number of non-matches. A value of -1 will return unlimited
1242 results (the default). A value of 0 will exit immediately with
1243 a non-zero status.
1244 </p>
1245 </dd>
1246 <dt class="hdlist1">
1247 --threads &lt;num&gt;
1248 </dt>
1249 <dd>
1251 Number of <code>grep</code> worker threads to use. See <em>NOTES ON THREADS</em>
1252 and <code>grep.threads</code> in <em>CONFIGURATION</em> for more information.
1253 </p>
1254 </dd>
1255 <dt class="hdlist1">
1256 -f &lt;file&gt;
1257 </dt>
1258 <dd>
1260 Read patterns from &lt;file&gt;, one per line.
1261 </p>
1262 <div class="paragraph"><p>Passing the pattern via &lt;file&gt; allows for providing a search pattern
1263 containing a \0.</p></div>
1264 <div class="paragraph"><p>Not all pattern types support patterns containing \0. Git will error
1265 out if a given pattern type can&#8217;t support such a pattern. The
1266 <code>--perl-regexp</code> pattern type when compiled against the PCRE v2 backend
1267 has the widest support for these types of patterns.</p></div>
1268 <div class="paragraph"><p>In versions of Git before 2.23.0 patterns containing \0 would be
1269 silently considered fixed. This was never documented, there were also
1270 odd and undocumented interactions between e.g. non-ASCII patterns
1271 containing \0 and <code>--ignore-case</code>.</p></div>
1272 <div class="paragraph"><p>In future versions we may learn to support patterns containing \0 for
1273 more search backends, until then we&#8217;ll die when the pattern type in
1274 question doesn&#8217;t support them.</p></div>
1275 </dd>
1276 <dt class="hdlist1">
1278 </dt>
1279 <dd>
1281 The next parameter is the pattern. This option has to be
1282 used for patterns starting with <code>-</code> and should be used in
1283 scripts passing user input to grep. Multiple patterns are
1284 combined by <em>or</em>.
1285 </p>
1286 </dd>
1287 <dt class="hdlist1">
1288 --and
1289 </dt>
1290 <dt class="hdlist1">
1291 --or
1292 </dt>
1293 <dt class="hdlist1">
1294 --not
1295 </dt>
1296 <dt class="hdlist1">
1297 ( &#8230; )
1298 </dt>
1299 <dd>
1301 Specify how multiple patterns are combined using Boolean
1302 expressions. <code>--or</code> is the default operator. <code>--and</code> has
1303 higher precedence than <code>--or</code>. <code>-e</code> has to be used for all
1304 patterns.
1305 </p>
1306 </dd>
1307 <dt class="hdlist1">
1308 --all-match
1309 </dt>
1310 <dd>
1312 When giving multiple pattern expressions combined with <code>--or</code>,
1313 this flag is specified to limit the match to files that
1314 have lines to match all of them.
1315 </p>
1316 </dd>
1317 <dt class="hdlist1">
1319 </dt>
1320 <dt class="hdlist1">
1321 --quiet
1322 </dt>
1323 <dd>
1325 Do not output matched lines; instead, exit with status 0 when
1326 there is a match and with non-zero status when there isn&#8217;t.
1327 </p>
1328 </dd>
1329 <dt class="hdlist1">
1330 &lt;tree&gt;&#8230;
1331 </dt>
1332 <dd>
1334 Instead of searching tracked files in the working tree, search
1335 blobs in the given trees.
1336 </p>
1337 </dd>
1338 <dt class="hdlist1">
1340 </dt>
1341 <dd>
1343 Signals the end of options; the rest of the parameters
1344 are &lt;pathspec&gt; limiters.
1345 </p>
1346 </dd>
1347 <dt class="hdlist1">
1348 &lt;pathspec&gt;&#8230;
1349 </dt>
1350 <dd>
1352 If given, limit the search to paths matching at least one pattern.
1353 Both leading paths match and glob(7) patterns are supported.
1354 </p>
1355 <div class="paragraph"><p>For more details about the &lt;pathspec&gt; syntax, see the <em>pathspec</em> entry
1356 in <a href="gitglossary.html">gitglossary(7)</a>.</p></div>
1357 </dd>
1358 </dl></div>
1359 </div>
1360 </div>
1361 <div class="sect1">
1362 <h2 id="_examples">EXAMPLES</h2>
1363 <div class="sectionbody">
1364 <div class="dlist"><dl>
1365 <dt class="hdlist1">
1366 <code>git grep 'time_t' -- '*.[ch]'</code>
1367 </dt>
1368 <dd>
1370 Looks for <code>time_t</code> in all tracked .c and .h files in the working
1371 directory and its subdirectories.
1372 </p>
1373 </dd>
1374 <dt class="hdlist1">
1375 <code>git grep -e '#define' --and \( -e MAX_PATH -e PATH_MAX \)</code>
1376 </dt>
1377 <dd>
1379 Looks for a line that has <code>#define</code> and either <code>MAX_PATH</code> or
1380 <code>PATH_MAX</code>.
1381 </p>
1382 </dd>
1383 <dt class="hdlist1">
1384 <code>git grep --all-match -e NODE -e Unexpected</code>
1385 </dt>
1386 <dd>
1388 Looks for a line that has <code>NODE</code> or <code>Unexpected</code> in
1389 files that have lines that match both.
1390 </p>
1391 </dd>
1392 <dt class="hdlist1">
1393 <code>git grep solution -- :^Documentation</code>
1394 </dt>
1395 <dd>
1397 Looks for <code>solution</code>, excluding files in <code>Documentation</code>.
1398 </p>
1399 </dd>
1400 </dl></div>
1401 </div>
1402 </div>
1403 <div class="sect1">
1404 <h2 id="_notes_on_threads">NOTES ON THREADS</h2>
1405 <div class="sectionbody">
1406 <div class="paragraph"><p>The <code>--threads</code> option (and the <code>grep.threads</code> configuration) will be ignored when
1407 <code>--open-files-in-pager</code> is used, forcing a single-threaded execution.</p></div>
1408 <div class="paragraph"><p>When grepping the object store (with <code>--cached</code> or giving tree objects), running
1409 with multiple threads might perform slower than single-threaded if <code>--textconv</code>
1410 is given and there are too many text conversions. Thus, if low performance is
1411 experienced in this case, it might be desirable to use <code>--threads=1</code>.</p></div>
1412 </div>
1413 </div>
1414 <div class="sect1">
1415 <h2 id="_configuration">CONFIGURATION</h2>
1416 <div class="sectionbody">
1417 <div class="paragraph"><p>Everything below this line in this section is selectively included
1418 from the <a href="git-config.html">git-config(1)</a> documentation. The content is the same
1419 as what&#8217;s found there:</p></div>
1420 <div class="dlist"><dl>
1421 <dt class="hdlist1">
1422 grep.lineNumber
1423 </dt>
1424 <dd>
1426 If set to true, enable <code>-n</code> option by default.
1427 </p>
1428 </dd>
1429 <dt class="hdlist1">
1430 grep.column
1431 </dt>
1432 <dd>
1434 If set to true, enable the <code>--column</code> option by default.
1435 </p>
1436 </dd>
1437 <dt class="hdlist1">
1438 grep.patternType
1439 </dt>
1440 <dd>
1442 Set the default matching behavior. Using a value of <em>basic</em>, <em>extended</em>,
1443 <em>fixed</em>, or <em>perl</em> will enable the <code>--basic-regexp</code>, <code>--extended-regexp</code>,
1444 <code>--fixed-strings</code>, or <code>--perl-regexp</code> option accordingly, while the
1445 value <em>default</em> will use the <code>grep.extendedRegexp</code> option to choose
1446 between <em>basic</em> and <em>extended</em>.
1447 </p>
1448 </dd>
1449 <dt class="hdlist1">
1450 grep.extendedRegexp
1451 </dt>
1452 <dd>
1454 If set to true, enable <code>--extended-regexp</code> option by default. This
1455 option is ignored when the <code>grep.patternType</code> option is set to a value
1456 other than <em>default</em>.
1457 </p>
1458 </dd>
1459 <dt class="hdlist1">
1460 grep.threads
1461 </dt>
1462 <dd>
1464 Number of grep worker threads to use. If unset (or set to 0), Git will
1465 use as many threads as the number of logical cores available.
1466 </p>
1467 </dd>
1468 <dt class="hdlist1">
1469 grep.fullName
1470 </dt>
1471 <dd>
1473 If set to true, enable <code>--full-name</code> option by default.
1474 </p>
1475 </dd>
1476 <dt class="hdlist1">
1477 grep.fallbackToNoIndex
1478 </dt>
1479 <dd>
1481 If set to true, fall back to <code>git grep --no-index</code> if <code>git grep</code>
1482 is executed outside of a git repository. Defaults to false.
1483 </p>
1484 </dd>
1485 </dl></div>
1486 </div>
1487 </div>
1488 <div class="sect1">
1489 <h2 id="_git">GIT</h2>
1490 <div class="sectionbody">
1491 <div class="paragraph"><p>Part of the <a href="git.html">git(1)</a> suite</p></div>
1492 </div>
1493 </div>
1494 </div>
1495 <div id="footnotes"><hr /></div>
1496 <div id="footer">
1497 <div id="footer-text">
1498 Last updated
1499 2024-04-03 15:35:56 PDT
1500 </div>
1501 </div>
1502 </body>
1503 </html>