gitformat-signature.html

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 735 <body class="manpage">
 736 <div id="header">
 737 <h1>
 738 gitformat-signature(5) Manual Page
 739 </h1>
 740 <h2>NAME</h2>
 741 <div class="sectionbody">
 742 <p>gitformat-signature -
 743    Git cryptographic signature formats
 744 </p>
 745 </div>
 746 </div>
 747 <div id="content">
 748 <div class="sect1">
 749 <h2 id="_synopsis">SYNOPSIS</h2>
 750 <div class="sectionbody">
 751 <div class="verseblock">
 752 <pre class="content">&lt;[tag|commit] object header(s)&gt;
 753 &lt;over-the-wire protocol&gt;</pre>
 754 <div class="attribution">
 755 </div></div>
 756 </div>
 757 </div>
 758 <div class="sect1">
 759 <h2 id="_description">DESCRIPTION</h2>
 760 <div class="sectionbody">
 761 <div class="paragraph"><p>Git uses cryptographic signatures in various places, currently objects (tags,
 762 commits, mergetags) and transactions (pushes). In every case, the command which
 763 is about to create an object or transaction determines a payload from that,
 764 calls an external program to obtain a detached signature for the payload
 765 (<code>gpg -bsa</code> in the case of PGP signatures), and embeds the signature into the
 766 object or transaction.</p></div>
 767 <div class="paragraph"><p>Signatures begin with an "ASCII Armor" header line and end with a tail line,
 768 which differ depending on signature type (as selected by <code>gpg.format</code>, see
 769 <a href="git-config.html">git-config(1)</a>). These are, for <code>gpg.format</code> values:</p></div>
 770 <div class="dlist"><dl>
 771 <dt class="hdlist1">
 772 <code>gpg</code> (PGP)
 773 </dt>
 774 <dd>
 775 <p>
 776         <code>-----BEGIN PGP SIGNATURE-----</code> and <code>-----END PGP SIGNATURE-----</code>.
 777         Or, if gpg is told to produce RFC1991 signatures,
 778         <code>-----BEGIN PGP MESSAGE-----</code> and <code>-----END PGP MESSAGE-----</code>
 779 </p>
 780 </dd>
 781 <dt class="hdlist1">
 782 <code>ssh</code> (SSH)
 783 </dt>
 784 <dd>
 785 <p>
 786         <code>-----BEGIN SSH SIGNATURE-----</code> and <code>-----END SSH SIGNATURE-----</code>
 787 </p>
 788 </dd>
 789 <dt class="hdlist1">
 790 <code>x509</code> (X.509)
 791 </dt>
 792 <dd>
 793 <p>
 794         <code>-----BEGIN SIGNED MESSAGE-----</code> and <code>-----END SIGNED MESSAGE-----</code>
 795 </p>
 796 </dd>
 797 </dl></div>
 798 <div class="paragraph"><p>Signatures sometimes appear as a part of the normal payload
 799 (e.g. a signed tag has the signature block appended after the payload
 800 that the signature applies to), and sometimes appear in the value of
 801 an object header (e.g. a merge commit that merged a signed tag would
 802 have the entire tag contents on its "mergetag" header).  In the case
 803 of the latter, the usual multi-line formatting rule for object
 804 headers applies.  I.e. the second and subsequent lines are prefixed
 805 with a SP to signal that the line is continued from the previous
 806 line.</p></div>
 807 <div class="paragraph"><p>This is even true for an originally empty line.  In the following
 808 examples, the end of line that ends with a whitespace letter is
 809 highlighted with a <code>$</code> sign; if you are trying to recreate these
 810 example by hand, do not cut and paste them&#8212;they are there
 811 primarily to highlight extra whitespace at the end of some lines.</p></div>
 812 <div class="paragraph"><p>The signed payload and the way the signature is embedded depends
 813 on the type of the object resp. transaction.</p></div>
 814 </div>
 815 </div>
 816 <div class="sect1">
 817 <h2 id="_tag_signatures">Tag signatures</h2>
 818 <div class="sectionbody">
 819 <div class="ulist"><ul>
 820 <li>
 821 <p>
 822 created by: <code>git tag -s</code>
 823 </p>
 824 </li>
 825 <li>
 826 <p>
 827 payload: annotated tag object
 828 </p>
 829 </li>
 830 <li>
 831 <p>
 832 embedding: append the signature to the unsigned tag object
 833 </p>
 834 </li>
 835 <li>
 836 <p>
 837 example: tag <code>signedtag</code> with subject <code>signed tag</code>
 838 </p>
 839 </li>
 840 </ul></div>
 841 <div class="listingblock">
 842 <div class="content">
 843 <pre><code>object 04b871796dc0420f8e7561a895b52484b701d51a
 844 type commit
 845 tag signedtag
 846 tagger C O Mitter &lt;committer@example.com&gt; 1465981006 +0000
 847
 848 signed tag
 849
 850 signed tag message body
 851 -----BEGIN PGP SIGNATURE-----
 852 Version: GnuPG v1
 853
 854 iQEcBAABAgAGBQJXYRhOAAoJEGEJLoW3InGJklkIAIcnhL7RwEb/+QeX9enkXhxn
 855 rxfdqrvWd1K80sl2TOt8Bg/NYwrUBw/RWJ+sg/hhHp4WtvE1HDGHlkEz3y11Lkuh
 856 8tSxS3qKTxXUGozyPGuE90sJfExhZlW4knIQ1wt/yWqM+33E9pN4hzPqLwyrdods
 857 q8FWEqPPUbSJXoMbRPw04S5jrLtZSsUWbRYjmJCHzlhSfFWW4eFd37uquIaLUBS0
 858 rkC3Jrx7420jkIpgFcTI2s60uhSQLzgcCwdA2ukSYIRnjg/zDkj8+3h/GaROJ72x
 859 lZyI6HWixKJkWw8lE9aAOD9TmTW9sFJwcVAzmAuFX2kUreDUKMZduGcoRYGpD7E=
 860 =jpXa
 861 -----END PGP SIGNATURE-----</code></pre>
 862 </div></div>
 863 <div class="ulist"><ul>
 864 <li>
 865 <p>
 866 verify with: <code>git verify-tag [-v]</code> or <code>git tag -v</code>
 867 </p>
 868 </li>
 869 </ul></div>
 870 <div class="listingblock">
 871 <div class="content">
 872 <pre><code>gpg: Signature made Wed Jun 15 10:56:46 2016 CEST using RSA key ID B7227189
 873 gpg: Good signature from "Eris Discordia &lt;discord@example.net&gt;"
 874 gpg: WARNING: This key is not certified with a trusted signature!
 875 gpg:          There is no indication that the signature belongs to the owner.
 876 Primary key fingerprint: D4BE 2231 1AD3 131E 5EDA  29A4 6109 2E85 B722 7189
 877 object 04b871796dc0420f8e7561a895b52484b701d51a
 878 type commit
 879 tag signedtag
 880 tagger C O Mitter &lt;committer@example.com&gt; 1465981006 +0000
 881
 882 signed tag
 883
 884 signed tag message body</code></pre>
 885 </div></div>
 886 </div>
 887 </div>
 888 <div class="sect1">
 889 <h2 id="_commit_signatures">Commit signatures</h2>
 890 <div class="sectionbody">
 891 <div class="ulist"><ul>
 892 <li>
 893 <p>
 894 created by: <code>git commit -S</code>
 895 </p>
 896 </li>
 897 <li>
 898 <p>
 899 payload: commit object
 900 </p>
 901 </li>
 902 <li>
 903 <p>
 904 embedding: header entry <code>gpgsig</code>
 905   (content is preceded by a space)
 906 </p>
 907 </li>
 908 <li>
 909 <p>
 910 example: commit with subject <code>signed commit</code>
 911 </p>
 912 </li>
 913 </ul></div>
 914 <div class="listingblock">
 915 <div class="content">
 916 <pre><code>tree eebfed94e75e7760540d1485c740902590a00332
 917 parent 04b871796dc0420f8e7561a895b52484b701d51a
 918 author A U Thor &lt;author@example.com&gt; 1465981137 +0000
 919 committer C O Mitter &lt;committer@example.com&gt; 1465981137 +0000
 920 gpgsig -----BEGIN PGP SIGNATURE-----
 921  Version: GnuPG v1
 922  $
 923  iQEcBAABAgAGBQJXYRjRAAoJEGEJLoW3InGJ3IwIAIY4SA6GxY3BjL60YyvsJPh/
 924  HRCJwH+w7wt3Yc/9/bW2F+gF72kdHOOs2jfv+OZhq0q4OAN6fvVSczISY/82LpS7
 925  DVdMQj2/YcHDT4xrDNBnXnviDO9G7am/9OE77kEbXrp7QPxvhjkicHNwy2rEflAA
 926  zn075rtEERDHr8nRYiDh8eVrefSO7D+bdQ7gv+7GsYMsd2auJWi1dHOSfTr9HIF4
 927  HJhWXT9d2f8W+diRYXGh4X0wYiGg6na/soXc+vdtDYBzIxanRqjg8jCAeo1eOTk1
 928  EdTwhcTZlI0x5pvJ3H0+4hA2jtldVtmPM4OTB0cTrEWBad7XV6YgiyuII73Ve3I=
 929  =jKHM
 930  -----END PGP SIGNATURE-----
 931
 932 signed commit
 933
 934 signed commit message body</code></pre>
 935 </div></div>
 936 <div class="ulist"><ul>
 937 <li>
 938 <p>
 939 verify with: <code>git verify-commit [-v]</code> (or <code>git show --show-signature</code>)
 940 </p>
 941 </li>
 942 </ul></div>
 943 <div class="listingblock">
 944 <div class="content">
 945 <pre><code>gpg: Signature made Wed Jun 15 10:58:57 2016 CEST using RSA key ID B7227189
 946 gpg: Good signature from "Eris Discordia &lt;discord@example.net&gt;"
 947 gpg: WARNING: This key is not certified with a trusted signature!
 948 gpg:          There is no indication that the signature belongs to the owner.
 949 Primary key fingerprint: D4BE 2231 1AD3 131E 5EDA  29A4 6109 2E85 B722 7189
 950 tree eebfed94e75e7760540d1485c740902590a00332
 951 parent 04b871796dc0420f8e7561a895b52484b701d51a
 952 author A U Thor &lt;author@example.com&gt; 1465981137 +0000
 953 committer C O Mitter &lt;committer@example.com&gt; 1465981137 +0000
 954
 955 signed commit
 956
 957 signed commit message body</code></pre>
 958 </div></div>
 959 </div>
 960 </div>
 961 <div class="sect1">
 962 <h2 id="_mergetag_signatures">Mergetag signatures</h2>
 963 <div class="sectionbody">
 964 <div class="ulist"><ul>
 965 <li>
 966 <p>
 967 created by: <code>git merge</code> on signed tag
 968 </p>
 969 </li>
 970 <li>
 971 <p>
 972 payload/embedding: the whole signed tag object is embedded into
 973   the (merge) commit object as header entry <code>mergetag</code>
 974 </p>
 975 </li>
 976 <li>
 977 <p>
 978 example: merge of the signed tag <code>signedtag</code> as above
 979 </p>
 980 </li>
 981 </ul></div>
 982 <div class="listingblock">
 983 <div class="content">
 984 <pre><code>tree c7b1cff039a93f3600a1d18b82d26688668c7dea
 985 parent c33429be94b5f2d3ee9b0adad223f877f174b05d
 986 parent 04b871796dc0420f8e7561a895b52484b701d51a
 987 author A U Thor &lt;author@example.com&gt; 1465982009 +0000
 988 committer C O Mitter &lt;committer@example.com&gt; 1465982009 +0000
 989 mergetag object 04b871796dc0420f8e7561a895b52484b701d51a
 990  type commit
 991  tag signedtag
 992  tagger C O Mitter &lt;committer@example.com&gt; 1465981006 +0000
 993  $
 994  signed tag
 995  $
 996  signed tag message body
 997  -----BEGIN PGP SIGNATURE-----
 998  Version: GnuPG v1
 999  $
1000  iQEcBAABAgAGBQJXYRhOAAoJEGEJLoW3InGJklkIAIcnhL7RwEb/+QeX9enkXhxn
1001  rxfdqrvWd1K80sl2TOt8Bg/NYwrUBw/RWJ+sg/hhHp4WtvE1HDGHlkEz3y11Lkuh
1002  8tSxS3qKTxXUGozyPGuE90sJfExhZlW4knIQ1wt/yWqM+33E9pN4hzPqLwyrdods
1003  q8FWEqPPUbSJXoMbRPw04S5jrLtZSsUWbRYjmJCHzlhSfFWW4eFd37uquIaLUBS0
1004  rkC3Jrx7420jkIpgFcTI2s60uhSQLzgcCwdA2ukSYIRnjg/zDkj8+3h/GaROJ72x
1005  lZyI6HWixKJkWw8lE9aAOD9TmTW9sFJwcVAzmAuFX2kUreDUKMZduGcoRYGpD7E=
1006  =jpXa
1007  -----END PGP SIGNATURE-----
1008
1009 Merge tag 'signedtag' into downstream
1010
1011 signed tag
1012
1013 signed tag message body
1014
1015 # gpg: Signature made Wed Jun 15 08:56:46 2016 UTC using RSA key ID B7227189
1016 # gpg: Good signature from "Eris Discordia &lt;discord@example.net&gt;"
1017 # gpg: WARNING: This key is not certified with a trusted signature!
1018 # gpg:          There is no indication that the signature belongs to the owner.
1019 # Primary key fingerprint: D4BE 2231 1AD3 131E 5EDA  29A4 6109 2E85 B722 7189</code></pre>
1020 </div></div>
1021 <div class="ulist"><ul>
1022 <li>
1023 <p>
1024 verify with: verification is embedded in merge commit message by default,
1025   alternatively with <code>git show --show-signature</code>:
1026 </p>
1027 </li>
1028 </ul></div>
1029 <div class="listingblock">
1030 <div class="content">
1031 <pre><code>commit 9863f0c76ff78712b6800e199a46aa56afbcbd49
1032 merged tag 'signedtag'
1033 gpg: Signature made Wed Jun 15 10:56:46 2016 CEST using RSA key ID B7227189
1034 gpg: Good signature from "Eris Discordia &lt;discord@example.net&gt;"
1035 gpg: WARNING: This key is not certified with a trusted signature!
1036 gpg:          There is no indication that the signature belongs to the owner.
1037 Primary key fingerprint: D4BE 2231 1AD3 131E 5EDA  29A4 6109 2E85 B722 7189
1038 Merge: c33429b 04b8717
1039 Author: A U Thor &lt;author@example.com&gt;
1040 Date:   Wed Jun 15 09:13:29 2016 +0000
1041
1042     Merge tag 'signedtag' into downstream
1043
1044     signed tag
1045
1046     signed tag message body
1047
1048     # gpg: Signature made Wed Jun 15 08:56:46 2016 UTC using RSA key ID B7227189
1049     # gpg: Good signature from "Eris Discordia &lt;discord@example.net&gt;"
1050     # gpg: WARNING: This key is not certified with a trusted signature!
1051     # gpg:          There is no indication that the signature belongs to the owner.
1052     # Primary key fingerprint: D4BE 2231 1AD3 131E 5EDA  29A4 6109 2E85 B722 7189</code></pre>
1053 </div></div>
1054 </div>
1055 </div>
1056 <div class="sect1">
1057 <h2 id="_git">GIT</h2>
1058 <div class="sectionbody">
1059 <div class="paragraph"><p>Part of the <a href="git.html">git(1)</a> suite</p></div>
1060 </div>
1061 </div>
1062 </div>
1063 <div id="footnotes"><hr /></div>
1064 <div id="footer">
1065 <div id="footer-text">
1066 Last updated
1067  2023-03-06 22:13:04 PST
1068 </div>
1069 </div>
1070 </body>
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